Hemifacial Spasm
Hemifacial spasm is a rare neuromuscular condition characterised by involuntary muscle contractions on one side of the face. The condition is most commonly caused by irritation or compression of the facial nerve by a blood vessel or other structure near the brain. Less common causes include tumours, infections, stroke, or other neurological conditions. In some cases, no specific cause can be identified.
Symptoms
Symptoms often develop gradually and may worsen when a person is tired, unwell, or experiencing stress.
The muscle twitching or spasms can range from a minor inconvenience to a more significant condition that may:
- Cause embarrassment or social discomfort
- Affect facial appearance
- Interfere with normal facial movements
- Impair vision if the muscles around the eye are involved
Over time, the spasms may become more frequent or severe.
Diagnosis and treatment options
To diagnose hemifacial spasm, Dr Tollesson will review your medical history, assess your signs and symptoms, and perform a physical and neurological examination.
Diagnostic tests may also be recommended to evaluate the affected side of the face, identify the underlying cause, and rule out conditions such as tumours, vascular abnormalities, multiple sclerosis, or other neurological disorders.
Treatment options depend on the severity of symptoms and the underlying cause. These may include medication, botulinum toxin (Botox®) injections to reduce muscle spasms, or surgery in selected cases where nerve compression is identified.
